N1V1 = N2V2 is used for reactions where components neutralize each other, and N stands for normality.

• A. False
• B. It is used for stoichiometric calculations
• C. True
• D. It stands for molarity

Answer: (C)

In titration calculations, N1V1 = N2V2 expresses that the amount of reactive capacity entering each solution is balanced as the reaction proceeds. Normality (N) measures equivalents per liter, not just moles per liter, so it accounts for how many reactive units each molecule can supply or accept (for example, H+ in acid–base or electrons in redox). At the point where the reactants neutralize each other (the equivalence point), the total equivalents from one solution equal those from the other, making N1V1 equal to N2V2. If the reaction involves more than one reactive unit per molecule, you adjust by using the appropriate number of equivalents per mole in the normalities. That’s why normality is distinct from molarity, which only counts moles per liter without the reactive-composition factor.